Another important factor is “fluid retention (edema),” which can develop when the heart, kidneys, or liver are not working properly. High salt intake can worsen the condition by increasing water retention. Certain medications for blood pressure, pain, or inflammation may also contribute to swelling, particularly when multiple drugs are used.
Reduced physical activity also plays a role. Movement helps circulate blood and lymph fluid, while inactivity allows fluid to collect in the lower limbs. Even light daily exercise such as walking or gentle leg movements can noticeably improve circulation and reduce swelling.
